{"id":5930,"date":"2020-04-06T19:47:02","date_gmt":"2020-04-06T17:47:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/igfae.usc.es\/~igfae-old\/?p=5930"},"modified":"2021-03-24T15:25:39","modified_gmt":"2021-03-24T13:25:39","slug":"lhcb-observa-novas-diferenzas-entre-materia-antimateria-na-desintegracion-do-meson-b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/igfae.usc.es\/~igfae-old\/gl\/lhcb-observa-novas-diferenzas-entre-materia-antimateria-na-desintegracion-do-meson-b\/","title":{"rendered":"LHCb observa novas diferenzas entre materia- antimateria na desintegraci\u00f3n do mes\u00f3n B"},"content":{"rendered":"

Novas medici\u00f3ns da colaboraci\u00f3n LHCb amosan grandes diferenzas entre a materia e antimateria observada nas desintegraci\u00f3ns de mes\u00f3ns B en tres pi\u00f3ns e arroxan un pouco de luz sobre a din\u00e1mica de interacci\u00f3n forte que controla estes procesos.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Na s\u00faa procura por comprender por que no Universo dominou a materia sobre a antimateria, a colaboraci\u00f3n LHCb, na que participa o Instituto Galego de F\u00edsica de Altas Enerx\u00edas (IGFAE), publicou o ver\u00e1n pasado un traballo que axudaba a entender os mecanismos polos que se produce unha diferenza cuantificable entre ambas. Agora, dous novos artigos que seguen indagando nas desintegraci\u00f3ns do mes\u00f3n B en tres pi\u00f3ns observan grandes diferenzas entre a materia e antimateria. Os artigos, destacados como Editors’ Suggestion<\/em> en Physical Review Letters<\/a> e Physical Review D<\/a>, tam\u00e9n arroxan un pouco de luz sobre a din\u00e1mica de interacci\u00f3n forte que controla estes procesos.<\/p>\n

Cando un mes\u00f3n B se desintegra en tres pi\u00f3ns, esp\u00e9rase atopar violaci\u00f3n CP, o mecanismo para explicar a asimetr\u00eda entre a materia e antimateria. Con todo, a cantidade exacta de asimetr\u00eda non est\u00e1 ben predita porque \u00e9 dif\u00edcil medir as interacci\u00f3ns fortes entre os mes\u00f3ns. Esta din\u00e1mica de interacci\u00f3n forte produce uns estados intermedios durante a desintegraci\u00f3n que te\u00f1en a s\u00faa propia asimetr\u00eda. Agora, coa enorme cantidade de datos que manexa o LHCb, temos por primeira vez estat\u00edsticas suficientes, non s\u00f3 para observar os efectos da asimetr\u00eda, sen\u00f3n tam\u00e9n para probar e validar modelos de comportamento da interacci\u00f3n forte nas desintegraci\u00f3ns do mes\u00f3n B.<\/p>\n

En dous dos tres modos de desintegraci\u00f3n do mes\u00f3n B observaron violaci\u00f3n CP con m\u00e1is de 10 sigmas de significaci\u00f3n estat\u00edstica, superando o limiar de 5 desviaci\u00f3ns est\u00e1ndar que se utiliza en f\u00edsica de part\u00edculas para validar un descubrimento. O modo \u201cf2(1270)\u201d mostrou unha asimetr\u00eda do 40%, mentres que o modo \u201cspin-0\u201d tivo un 15%.<\/p>\n

Ambas violaci\u00f3ns CP son consistentes coas preditas polo Modelo Est\u00e1ndar e os resultados poden usarse para detectar con maior precisi\u00f3n novas fontes que violen a asimetr\u00eda en desintegraci\u00f3ns relacionadas, como desintegraci\u00f3ns dos mes\u00f3ns B neutros en tres pi\u00f3ns. Polo de agora, haber\u00e1 que esperar \u00e1s novas medici\u00f3ns do LHCb ou o experimento Belle II do acelerador SuperKEKB, recentemente posto en marcha en Xap\u00f3n, para poder descubrir novas fontes de violaci\u00f3n de CP que se atopen m\u00e1is al\u00f3 do Modelo Est\u00e1ndar.<\/p>\n

As implicaci\u00f3ns destes resultados dentro da comunidade de f\u00edsica fundamental recoll\u00e9ronse recentemente nun artigo na revista Physics<\/a> e nunha reportaxe en Nature Reviews Physics<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Referencias:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aaij et al. (LHCb Collaboration), “Observation of several sources of CP violation in B+ -> pi+ pi+ pi- decays”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 124<\/strong>, 031801 (2020). DOI: 10.1103\/PhysRevLett.124.031801<\/a><\/p>\n

Aaij et al. (LHCb Collaboration), “Amplitude analysis of the B+ -> pi+ pi+ pi- decay”, Phys. Rev. D 101<\/strong>, 012006 (2020). DOI: 10.1103\/PhysRevD.101.012006<\/a><\/p>\n

Ilustraci\u00f3n: A descomposici\u00f3n dos mes\u00f3ns B cargados en tres pi\u00f3ns prod\u00facese a trav\u00e9s de varios estados intermedios diferentes, inclu\u00eddo o mes\u00f3n spin-2 f2 (1270) (arriba), o mes\u00f3n spin-1 rho (centro) e un dobre pi\u00f3n spin-0 (abaixo). Cr\u00e9ditos: APS\/Alan Stonebraker.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Novas medici\u00f3ns da colaboraci\u00f3n LHCb amosan grandes diferenzas entre a materia e antimateria observada nas desintegraci\u00f3ns de mes\u00f3ns B en tres…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":5926,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[116,117],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"\nLHCb observa novas diferenzas entre materia- antimateria na desintegraci\u00f3n do mes\u00f3n B - IGFAE<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/igfae.usc.es\/~igfae-old\/gl\/lhcb-observa-novas-diferenzas-entre-materia-antimateria-na-desintegracion-do-meson-b\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"gl_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"LHCb observa novas diferenzas entre materia- antimateria na desintegraci\u00f3n do mes\u00f3n B - 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