DUNE<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\nEntre Chicago y Sanford, Dakota del Sur (EE.UU.), se est\u00e1 construyendo uno de los experimentos cient\u00edficos m\u00e1s espectaculares jam\u00e1s desarrollados por la humanidad. El Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) pretende mejorar nuestra comprensi\u00f3n de los neutrinos, las evasivas part\u00edculas que pueden dar respuesta a algunas de las preguntas clave sobre la forma del universo.<\/p>\n
Los haces de neutrinos m\u00e1s potentes jam\u00e1s creados se disparar\u00e1n desde el acelerador del Fermilab de Chicago. Viajar\u00e1n 1.300 kil\u00f3metros bajo tierra para llegar a los detectores del Sanford Underground Research Facility. Para ello se ha excavado una enorme cavidad, de una superficie equivalente a ocho campos de f\u00fatbol, en la que se recrear\u00e1n las condiciones ideales para detectar y analizar neutrinos.<\/p>\n
El IGFAE contribuye a este proyecto, que re\u00fane a m\u00e1s de 1 400 personas y 200 instituciones de 36 pa\u00edses, con el dise\u00f1o de uno de los dos detectores \u00abcercanos\u00bb, el ND-GAr (Near Detector – Gaseous Argon). Este dispositivo se instalar\u00e1 en los pr\u00f3ximos a\u00f1os en el Fermilab de Chicago, cerca del punto de emisi\u00f3n del haz de neutrinos.<\/p>\n
Este detector consiste en una c\u00e1mara de proyecci\u00f3n temporal (TPC) de 100 m3, que combina campos el\u00e9ctricos y magn\u00e9ticos con gases ricos en arg\u00f3n en el caso de DUNE, lo que permite reconstruir la trayectoria de las part\u00edculas producidas en las interacciones de neutrinos.<\/p>\n
El equipo del IGFAE de DUNE trabaja en una propuesta basada en el uso de c\u00e1maras \u00f3pticas ultrarr\u00e1pidas (2 milmillon\u00e9simas de segundo por imagen) a 10 atm\u00f3sferas de presi\u00f3n en arg\u00f3n dopado con tetrafluorometano. Esta tecnolog\u00eda, in\u00e9dita hasta la fecha, permitir\u00e1 registrar con precisi\u00f3n milim\u00e9trica las im\u00e1genes de part\u00edculas procedentes de la interacci\u00f3n de neutrinos en una regi\u00f3n de 20 m2, precisando el instante de su interacci\u00f3n en poco m\u00e1s de una milmillon\u00e9sima de segundo.<\/p>\n
El IGFAE lidera el proyecto, en estrecha colaboraci\u00f3n con la Universidad de Vigo y el IFIC de Valencia. El objetivo es completar una propuesta t\u00e9cnica para el dise\u00f1o del TPC ND-GAr a mediados de 2025.<\/p>\n
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