{"id":11462,"date":"2022-05-13T10:11:44","date_gmt":"2022-05-13T08:11:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/igfae.usc.es\/igfaedb\/?p=11462"},"modified":"2022-05-13T10:11:44","modified_gmt":"2022-05-13T08:11:44","slug":"descifrada-a-emision-de-bremsstrahlung-neutro-en-xenon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/igfae.usc.es\/igfaedb\/gl\/descifrada-a-emision-de-bremsstrahlung-neutro-en-xenon\/","title":{"rendered":"Descifrada a emisi\u00f3n de bremsstrahlung neutro en xen\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Investigadores do Instituto Galego de F\u00edsica de Altas Enerx\u00edas (IGFAE), a trav\u00e9s da colaboraci\u00f3n do experimento NEXT no Laboratorio Subterr\u00e1neo de Canfranc (LSC), publicaron recentemente na revista Physical Review X a primeira observaci\u00f3n experimental de radiaci\u00f3n de freado ou <em>bremsstrahlung<\/em> neutro en xen\u00f3n, seguindo a predici\u00f3n te\u00f3rica ao longo de 5 ordes de magnitude. A demostraci\u00f3n desta radiaci\u00f3n resolve unha procura que se remonta a 2017 cando se observaron por primeira vez sinales de escintilaci\u00f3n de orixe desco\u00f1ecida e establece novos l\u00edmites \u00e1 sensibilidade de detectores como NEXT que lideran a procura de materia escura e neutrinos na actualidade empregando c\u00e1maras de proxecci\u00f3n temporal (<em>TPC, Time Projection Chambers<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p>Cando a radiaci\u00f3n ionizante interact\u00faa co xen\u00f3n gasoso da c\u00e1mara de NEXT, em\u00edtense grandes cantidades de luz ultravioleta en determinadas lonxitudes de onda (ao redor de 172 nm), o que constit\u00fae o mecanismo de detecci\u00f3n utilizado nas procuras de materia escura e estudos de f\u00edsica de neutrinos baseados en elementos nobres. Con todo, os investigadores vi\u00f1an observando desde 2017 unha contribuci\u00f3n adicional, cuxo orixe non consegu\u00edan identificar ata o de agora. Este novo tipo de luz causada pola dispersi\u00f3n de electr\u00f3ns en \u00e1tomos neutros denom\u00ednase emisi\u00f3n de <em>bremsstrahlung<\/em> neutro ou de polarizaci\u00f3n, e \u00e9 debida \u00e1 interacci\u00f3n entre a part\u00edcula cargada e o \u00e1tomo de xenon, a trav\u00e9s do momento dipolar inducido deste \u00faltimo.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cA presenza de fot\u00f3ns individuais en coincidencia coa interacci\u00f3n de radiaci\u00f3n de alta enerx\u00eda ou \u2018ru\u00eddo\u2019 procedente de rexi\u00f3ns en teor\u00eda inactivas do detector, as\u00ed como a presenza de electroluminiscencia a enerx\u00edas inferiores \u00e1s necesarias para excitar o medio suxer\u00edan a presenza dun mecanismo de radiaci\u00f3n diferente do convencional\u201d, explica o investigador do IGFAE Diego Gonz\u00e1lez D\u00edaz, un dos autores deste traballo e quen propuxo e desenvolveu o experimento inicial. \u201cDurante varios anos consider\u00e1ronse estes fen\u00f3menos como independentes, ata que en decembro de 2019 realizamos un experimento coidadoso en colaboraci\u00f3n coa Universidade de Coimbra e a Universidade de Aveiro para resolver o misterio\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Un misterio resolvido <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/igfae.usc.es\/igfaedb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Imagen1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11459 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/igfae.usc.es\/igfaedb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Imagen1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/igfae.usc.es\/igfaedb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Imagen1.png 200w, https:\/\/igfae.usc.es\/igfaedb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Imagen1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/igfae.usc.es\/igfaedb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Imagen1-60x60.png 60w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/a>Ademais de establecer a presenza desta escintilaci\u00f3n nos actuais experimentos l\u00edderes na procura de materia escura e a orixe com\u00fan dunha serie de observaci\u00f3ns aparentemente disconexas por parte do experimento NEXT, unha das revelaci\u00f3ns m\u00e1is interesantes que se extraen deste traballo \u00e9 que a emisi\u00f3n resultante \u00e9 altamente independente da lonxitude de onda (algo an\u00e1logo a outros procesos de tipo radiativo, como a radiaci\u00f3n Cherenkov), o que ofrece un atractivo tecnol\u00f3xico que os investigadores est\u00e1n a estudar como explotar. En particular, \u00e1brese a posibilidade de rexistrar a ionizaci\u00f3n primaria en detectores baseados en elementos nobres en fase l\u00edquida, usando para iso a radiaci\u00f3n de freado producida nunha rexi\u00f3n electrificada. Isto permitir\u00eda aumentar a sensibilidade \u00e1 enerx\u00eda dos eventos primarios nuns 4 ou 5 ordes de magnitude, sen a complexidade de ter que operar o detector en equilibrio l\u00edquido-vapor, como se fixo ata a data.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cNa actualidade estamos a realizar medidas de escintilaci\u00f3n absoluta noutros elementos nobres e moleculares para estudar a dependencia da emisi\u00f3n co tipo de medio, as\u00ed como explorar os l\u00edmites do marco te\u00f3rico implementado por Pablo Amedo Mart\u00ednez, estudante de doutoramento do IGFAE. Gustar\u00edanos tam\u00e9n emprender un estudo detallado do espectro de emisi\u00f3n, o que require modificaci\u00f3ns importantes dos nosos dispositivos experimentais, que a\u00ednda estamos a avaliar\u201d, concl\u00fae Diego Gonz\u00e1lez D\u00edaz.<\/p>\n<p>NEXT \u00e9 unha colaboraci\u00f3n internacional liderada por grupos espa\u00f1ois e estadounidenses. Actualmente, m\u00e1is de 100 persoas de m\u00e1is de 20 instituci\u00f3ns participan no experimento. En Espa\u00f1a, ademais do IGFAE da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), at\u00f3panse o Centro de F\u00edsica de Materiales (CFM), o Instituto de F\u00edsica Corpuscular (IFIC), o Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), a Universidad Aut\u00f3noma De Madrid (UAM), a UniversitatdDe Girona, a Universidad del Pa\u00eds Vasco, o Instituto de Instrumentaci\u00f3n para Imagen Molecular (i3M \u2013 UPV), a Universidad de Oviedo e a Universidad de Zaragoza.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Referencias:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Neutral Bremsstrahlung Emission in Xenon Unveiled<\/em>, C.\u2009A.\u2009O. Henriques\u00a0<em>et al.<\/em>\u00a0(NEXT Collaboration). Phys. Rev. X\u00a0<strong>12<\/strong>, 021005. DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.aps.org\/prx\/abstract\/10.1103\/PhysRevX.12.021005\">https:\/\/journals.aps.org\/prx\/abstract\/10.1103\/PhysRevX.12.021005<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Web do experimento NEXT: <a href=\"https:\/\/next.ific.uv.es\/next\/\">https:\/\/next.ific.uv.es\/next\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Imaxe 1. Detector NEXT-White TPC, segunda fase do detector NEXT, no Laboratorio Subterr\u00e1neo de Canfranc (LSC). Cr\u00e9dito: Javier Larrea<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Investigadores do Instituto Galego de F\u00edsica de Altas Enerx\u00edas (IGFAE), a trav\u00e9s da colaboraci\u00f3n do experimento NEXT no Laboratorio Subterr\u00e1neo de&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":11455,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[116,117],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v18.4.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Descifrada a emisi\u00f3n de bremsstrahlung neutro en xen\u00f3n - IGFAE<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/igfae.usc.es\/igfaedb\/gl\/descifrada-a-emision-de-bremsstrahlung-neutro-en-xenon\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"gl_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Descifrada a emisi\u00f3n de bremsstrahlung neutro en xen\u00f3n - 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