DUNE<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\nEntre Chicago e Sanford, Dakota do Sur (Estados Unidos), estase a constru\u00edr un dos experimentos cient\u00edficos m\u00e1is espectaculares xamais realizados pola humanidade. O Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) pretende mellorar a nosa comprensi\u00f3n dos neutrinos, as fuxid\u00edas part\u00edculas que poden dar resposta a algunhas das preguntas esenciais sobre a orixe do universo.<\/p>\n
Os feixes de neutrinos m\u00e1is potentes xamais creados dispararanse desde o acelerador do Fermilab de Chicago. Viaxar\u00e1n 1.300 quil\u00f3metros baixo terra para chegar aos detectores do Sanford Underground Research Facility. Para isto escavouse unha enorme cavidade, dunha superficie equivalente a oito campos de f\u00fatbol, na que se recrear\u00e1n as condici\u00f3ns ideais para detectar e analizar neutrinos.<\/p>\n
O IGFAE contrib\u00fae a este proxecto, que re\u00fane a m\u00e1is de 1 400 persoas e 200 instituci\u00f3ns de 36 pa\u00edses, co dese\u00f1o dun dos dous detectores \u00abpr\u00f3ximos\u00bb, o ND-GAr (Near Detector – Gaseous Argon). Este dispositivo instalarase nos pr\u00f3ximos anos no Fermilab de Chicago, preto do punto de emisi\u00f3n do feixe de neutrinos.<\/p>\n
Este detector consiste nunha c\u00e1mara de proxecci\u00f3n temporal (TPC) de 100 m3, que combina campos el\u00e9ctricos e magn\u00e9ticos con gases ricos en argon no caso de DUNE, o que permite reconstru\u00edr a traxectoria das part\u00edculas producidas nas interacci\u00f3ns de neutrinos.<\/p>\n
O equipo IGFAE de DUNE traballa nunha proposta baseada no uso de c\u00e1maras \u00f3pticas ultrarr\u00e1pidas (2 milmillon\u00e9simas de segundo por imaxe) a 10 atmosferas de presi\u00f3n en argon dopado con tetrafluorometano. Esta tecnolox\u00eda, in\u00e9dita ata a data, permitir\u00e1 rexistrar con precisi\u00f3n milim\u00e9trica as imaxes de part\u00edculas procedentes da interacci\u00f3n de neutrinos nunha rexi\u00f3n de 20 m2, precisando o instante da s\u00faa interacci\u00f3n en pouco m\u00e1is dunha milmillon\u00e9sima de segundo.<\/p>\n
O IGFAE lidera o proxecto, en estreita colaboraci\u00f3n coa Universidade de Vigo e o IFIC de Valencia. O obxectivo \u00e9 completar unha proposta t\u00e9cnica para o dese\u00f1o do TPC ND-GAr a mediados de 2025.<\/p>\n
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